The redshifts and luminosities of Type 1A supernovae are conventionally fitted with the current paradigm, which holds that the galaxies are locally stationary in an expanding metric. The fit fails unless the expansion is accelerating; driven perhaps by "dark energy". Is the recession of the galaxies slowed down by gravity or speeded up by some repulsive force? To shed light on this question the redshifts and apparent magnitudes of type 1A supernovae are re-analysed in a cartesian frame of reference omitting gravitational effects. The redshift is ascribed to the relativistic Doppler effect which gives the recession velocity when the light was emitted; if this has not changed, the distance reached and the luminosity follow immediately. This simple concept fits the observations surprisingly well. It appears that the galaxies recede at unchanging velocities, so on the largest scale there is no significant intergalactic force. Reasons for the apparent absence of an intergalactic force are discussed. There is no gravity out there and no dark energy.

"I wish to thank Martin Rees and John Field for helpful discussions and Timothy Farley and Neville Moray for advice on statistics."

"I suspect this paper is not right. Ptolemy's epicycles fit the data at the time pretty well also. However, I have not had time to read it carefully. I still do not understand the basic picture the author is proposing. However he cites Martin Rees helping him so I am not ready to dismiss it as crank. His model seems to dispense with Einstein's GR hence my bias against it."
-- Jack Sarfatti