A team of international researchers have discovered a 3-D charge density wave in high-temperature superconductivity, according to a recent study. The researchers unexpectedly discovered by combining powerful magnetic field pulses along with X-ray laser pulses, which enabled them to uncover the high-temperature superconductor.
The localization of electrons forms special regular patterns known as a charge density wave (CDW), which has been a popular, but mysterious feature of high temperature superconductivities. The direct observation of CDW in very high magnetic fields was considered impossible, due to absence of high magnetic field device compatible with X-ray free electron laser.
However, these researchers created a miniature pulsed magnet that is about an inch in size and it can generate a very strong magnetic field of 30 Tesla, which was installed into the beam line of a Linac Coherent Light Source at SLAC. Tesla is the unit for measuring of the strength of the magnetic field.
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