Google is working on a computer that could unlock the true potential of artificial intelligence, and it may be ready to show its results in a matter of months. The team, Charles Neill at the University of California Santa Barbara and Pedram Roushan at Google, believe that they know how to show “quantum supremacy” for the first time — a quantum computer that is measurably better than a regular computer.
Unlike a regular computer which stores information in zeros and ones — known as a “bit” — a quantum computer uses “qubits” that can store information in a third state, of both zero and one at the same time. With this, 50 qubits can represent 10,000,000,000,000,000 numbers, a scale a regular computer would need petabytes of data to hold.
The thing is, while they kind of exist, they’re not particularly stable. MIT announced earlier this year that it had used ultra-cold sodium-potassium molecules to create stable qubits, while Microsoft has experimented with exotic “non-abelian anyons,” a quasiparticle that could unlock quantum computing’s potential. It’s no good inventing a computer that’s no better than an existing one, though, which is where the race to quantum supremacy comes in.
The Google team has been experimenting with nine superconducting qubits, with nine metal loops that have electrical current flowing in both directions. They were able to show that these qubits could represent 512 numbers all at once. It’s a small start, but the team believes they can scale it up from here.
“These results provide promising evidence that quantum supremacy may be achievable using existing technology,” the researchers told MIT Technology Review.
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