A further hint to that link came from the Dutch Nobel physics laureate Gerard ’t Hooft. In 1993 he proposed that reality shares common features with holograms, like the flashy images embedded in credit cards that store apparently three-dimensional information on a flat surface. In a similar way, ’t Hooft asserted, information about the contents in three-dimensional space might be stored on two dimensions, sort of the way 2-D mirrors covering the walls of a room record information about all the objects within the room’s 3-D space.
’t Hooft’s conjecture, known as the holographic principle, and its later elaboration by Stanford physicist Leonard Susskind built on Bekenstein’s work on black hole entropy. Bekenstein had found that a black hole’s entropy is proportional to the surface area of its outer boundary, known technically as the event horizon. In other words, the information about a black hole’s interior is stored on its surface, just as with a hologram.
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