Quantum computers can more rapidly process large amounts of data, because they carry out many computation steps in parallel. The information carrier of the quantum computer is a qubit. Qubits do not only possess the information of "0" and "1," but also values in between. However, the difficulty consists in producing qubits that are small enough and can be switched quickly enough to execute quantum calculations.
Superconducting circuits are a very promising option. Superconductors are materials that have no electrical resistance at extremely low temperatures and, hence, conduct electrical current without any losses. This is important to maintain the quantum state of qubits and to connect them efficiently.
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