In 2018, the scientists Adam Frank and Gavin Schmidt proposed the Silurian hypothesis. It considered the potential of finding ancient evidence in Earth's geologic record that a non-human industrial civilization could exist on Earth millions of years ago. But could any outcomes of the technogenic activities of such a civilization survive until present day? Irina K. Romanovskaya, who is a graduate of Rice University and a professor of physics and astronomy at Houston Community College, addressed this question in her research paper published by International Journal of Astrobiology, Cambridge University Press, and titled " Planetary biotechnospheres, biotechnosignatures and the search for extraterrestrial intelligence."

Genetically engineered bacteria, for example, could outlive humankind. In relation to their migration hypothesis, the scientists Robert Bradbury and Milan Cirkovic considered how in the distant future, humankind could build post-biological computing entities that would migrate to the outskirts of the Solar System.

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