Scientists use high-frequency pulses of light to examine nuclear and electron dynamics with attosecond time resolution. They typically create these pulses from low-frequency ones using a method known as high-harmonic generation (HHG). But a consistent description of this technique that reconciles field-based and photon-based interpretations has been lacking. Such a framework has now been developed by Mekha Vimal and her colleagues at the University of Paris-Saclay [1]. The team’s results could facilitate applications in the burgeoning research area of strong-field quantum optics.

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