Artificial-intelligence (AI) tools are transforming the way we work. Many products attempt to make scientific research more efficient by helping researchers to sort through large volumes of literature.

These scientific search engines are based on large language models (LLMs) and are designed to sift through existing research papers and summarize the key findings. AI firms are constantly updating their models’ features and new tools are regularly being released.

Nature spoke to developers of these tools and researchers who use them to garner tips on how to apply them — and pitfalls to watch out for.

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