A recent study published in Nature Geoscience explores the future of Earth’s atmosphere, revealing that a dramatic decline in oxygen levels will likely suffocate most complex life forms on our planet. This shift, predicted to occur within the next billion years, will return Earth’s atmosphere to conditions resembling those before the Great Oxidation Event about 2.4 billion years ago. The research draws on detailed models that factor in the Sun’s increasing brightness and the corresponding changes in Earth’s geochemical cycles, presenting a stark view of our biosphere’s eventual fate.

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