First practical test of a quantum gravity effect - microwaves from 2 solar mass black hole

Jack Sarfatti

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I predict the first possible test of quantum gravity: microwaves from a 2 solar mass black hole due to quantum fluctuations in the position of the black hole's horizon surface.
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Jack Sarfatti From: JACK SARFATTI
Subject: 28 November 2013 My prediction of microwave Hawking (horizon quantum gravity thickness) EM radiation from a two solar mass black hole
Date: November 28, 2013 at 9:57:23 AM PST

This is the first genuine observable quantum gravity testable prediction from quantum uncertainty in the position of the g00 = 0 classical horizon.

excerpt from my Stargate book:
1974: Hawking shows that all black-holes radiate black body radiation[i] whose peak wavelength lmax is roughly the square root of the area-entropy of the black-hole’s horizon, i.e., lmax ~ A1/2 where the entropy S ~ kBA/4.

Kip Thorne’s book “Black Holes and Time Warps” (1994) gives the best popular explanation of Hawking’s horizon evaporation radiation and the history of its discovery including the role of Zeldovich in the Soviet Union some forty years ago. Zeldovich arguing by analogy to the electrodynamics of a rotating neutral conducting sphere said that the virtual photons of the zero point vacuum fluctuations would “tickle” the metal like spontaneous emission of light triggered by virtual photons interacting with real electrons in excited atoms, the rotational energy of the sphere then converting to real photons. Hawking was with Zeldovich at Les Houches in France. Some time later Hawking, using Bekenstein’s thermodynamics of horizons where the temperature is proportional to the inverse square root of the horizon’s area-entropy A. That is Tcold ~ A-1/2. I realized in 2013 that this is only half the story, and that there is a second higher temperature Thot ~ (LA1/2)-1/2, which is the proper quantum thickness of the horizon. For example, when L = Planck length we have gravity wave Hawking horizon thickness radiation, when L = Compton wavelength we have electromagnetic radiation from properly accelerating real electrons and positrons. There will also be a sharp gamma ray signal from electron-positron annihilations outside the black-hole horizon. Indeed, the horizon, in the stretched membrane description, is a heat engine of high maximal efficiency ~ 1 – (L/A1/2)1/2. Returning to Kip Thorne’s narrative, Zeldovich was convinced the mostly gravity wave rotation radiation would stop when the black-hole stopped rotating from Kerr metric to Schwarzschild metric. However, Hawking did rough calculations suggesting that even stationary black-holes would evaporate mostly by gravity wave emission, although all kinds of thermal emission of every type would also occur. Kip Thorne wrote:

There are several different ways to picture black-hole evaporation … However, all the ways acknowledge vacuum fluctuations as the ultimate source of the outflowing radiation … The waves fluctuate randomly and unpredictably, with positive energy momentarily here, negative energy momentarily there, and zero energy on average. The particle aspect is embodied in the concept of virtual particles, that is particles that flash into existence in pairs (two particles at a time) …

And they are quantum entangled as in the EPR effect.[ii]

… living momentarily on fluctuational energy borrowed from neighboring regions of space, and that then annihilate and disappear, giving their energy back to the neighboring regions. For electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations, the virtual particles are virtual photons; for gravitational vacuum fluctuations, they are virtual gravitons. … a virtual electron and a virtual positron are likely to flash into existence as an [entangled] pair … the photon is its own antiparticle, so virtual photons flash in and out of existence in [entangled] pairs, and similarly for gravitons. …

The way the phenomenon appears depends on the local frame of the observer. First for the LIF non-rotating timelike geodesic observer in weightless free float:

A black-hole’s tidal gravity pulls an [entangled] pair of virtual photons apart, thereby feeding energy into them … The virtual photons can separate from each other easily, so long as they both remain in a region where the electromagnetic field has momentarily acquired positive energy … the region’s size will always be about the same as the wavelength of the fluctuating electromagnetic field … If the wavelength happens to be about the same as the hole’s circumference [~ A1/2], then the virtual photons can easily separate from each other by a quarter of the circumference … A black-hole with mass twice as large as the Sun has a circumference of about 35 kilometers, and thus the particle/waves …. all types of radiation … that it emits have wavelengths of about 9 kilometers and larger.

OK, so we see the resonance effect when the wavelength matches the square root of the proper area of the horizon. What Hawking missed, and what I noticed some forty years later, is that the same argument should apply to the proper quantum thickness of any horizon and that is the geometric mean of the long wave IR radial coordinate cutoff L with the circumference, that’s where the second shorter wave resonance is ~ (LA1/2)1/2. OK, using Kip’s two solar mass black-hole example above, the new second higher energy Hawking radiation I predict has minimum wavelength from the quantum gravity uncertainty thickness of the horizon is about (10-35x 104)1/2 meters

~ 3 x10-16 meters ~ 3 x10–14 cm. However, this for a Planck scale IR coordinate cutoff, which means high frequency gravity waves. If we use, instead, the Compton wavelength of the electron for L, then

(10-13 x 104)1/2 meters ~ 10-3 meters ~ 10-1 cm ~ 3x109 Hz.[iii]

The virtual photons … materialize, permanently, into real photons, one of which escapes from the hole while the other falls toward the hole’s center …

[i] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-body_radiation

[ii] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPR_paradox

[iii] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microwave

On Nov 25, 2013, at 9:42 AM, JACK SARFATTI <This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.> wrote:

https://www.academia.edu/.../Sarfattis_Stargate_Book...

Sent from my iPad

Black-body radiation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Black-body radiation is the type of electromagnetic radiation within or surround...See More

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First practical test of a quantum gravity effect - microwaves from 2 solar mass black hole

Jack Sarfatti