Electrons have the ability to move similar to water ripples throughout any material. In addition, these ripples created by electrons often form numerous interesting patterns as they collide and intersect.
Argonne National Laboratory experts under the US Department of Energy have recently observed new intersecting patterns from a material with a thin film-structured metal oxide called titania. The electron activity has been observable in nanoscale due to the shape of the film material being confined.
The geometric confinement approach is a process where materials are restricted in a specified boundary without exceeding their certain structure phase. When confinement is applied, full control and alteration of the material's composition, including its own molecules, will be managed conveniently without effort.
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